Few things are as life-altering as becoming
pregnant. When a woman thinks that she may be pregnant, the worst part is
having to wait to find out for sure. Today, there’s an entire industry built
around pregnancy tests. These tests differ in how they work, as well as in the
sensitivity and accuracy of their readings.
This has led many women to ask questions like,
‘how accurate are pregnancy tests’, ‘can I trust the results’, and ‘how early
can you detect pregnancy with an at-home test’? Let’s first look at how
pregnancy tests work before addressing their accuracy and how early you can
test for pregnancy.
How Pregnancy Tests Work
Even the earliest pregnancy tests worked by
analyzing hormone levels. In particular, these tests detected whether or not human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was present. This type
of test is still used today and operates in the same fashion. When a fertilized egg attaches to the uterus,
the developing placenta causes hCG to be released. The hormone then becomes
detectable in urine and blood.
There are three types of pregnancy tests:
Test Strip Tests – The test strip should be
immersed in a urine specimen for approximately 5 seconds then removed. A
positive result will begin to show almost immediately while negative results
can be verified within 5 to 10 minutes.
Cassette Tests – Cassette style tests use a small sampling of
urine, usually three drops, placed directly on the tester. This test will
determine whether or not a woman is pregnant in a matter of minutes.
Midstream Tests – Midstream tests are the
simplest types of pregnancy tests. This test is a one-step process that takes
approximately 5 minutes to provide results.
Pregnancy tests will provide a positive,
negative or invalid result. Should an invalid or negative result occur, follow
up with another test within a few days is recommended.
How Accurate Are Pregnancy Tests?
Of course, the most important concern is accuracy.
There are a couple of factors that influence how accurate a pregnancy test can
be:
The Sensitivity of the Test - The more sensitive the test
is to read low levels of hCG, the more accurate the results will be.
Time Since Pregnancy Occurred – The longer the period of
time is between conception and testing, the more accurate the results will be
because more hCG will have accumulated, doubling about every two days.
Typical pregnancy tests are about 97% accurate.
While these tests are highly trusted, there are advanced pregnancy tests that
produce even higher accuracy rates. Among these options is Medical Disposals’ Ultra Sensitive Pregnancy Test Strip, which is 99.9%
accurate. It can accurately detect levels of just 10 Miu/ml hCG.
When is the Earliest a Pregnancy Test Will Work?
As mentioned above, hCG is the pregnancy
indicator. The placenta, which produces hCG, begins developing about six days
after the fertilized egg implants. Implanting can happen on the day of
intercourse, or within a few days afterward. The earliest that hCG can be
detected is typically 7-9 days after intercourse.
Pregnancy tests will vary when it comes to
accuracy as it relates to the scale of time. Most women wait until after they
have missed the first day of their menstrual cycle, but there are tests that
can detect pregnancy days earlier. Ultra-sensitive tests can provide accurate
results as soon as 8 days after the ovulation date, whereas standard pregnancy
tests should produce highly accurate results 12 days after ovulation.
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